Lean Hypothesis Testing is a method used in product development and business strategy to validate assumptions and make informed decisions. It is a key component of the Lean Startup methodology and is designed to ensure that businesses are building products that meet the needs of their customers.

The process involves formulating a hypothesis, designing an experiment to test it, running the experiment, and then analyzing the results to either validate or invalidate the hypothesis. The goal is to learn as much as possible about the customer's needs and preferences, and to use this knowledge to guide product development.

Here's a detailed breakdown:

1. Formulate a Hypothesis

A hypothesis is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon, made as a starting point for further investigation. In the context of Lean Hypothesis Testing, a hypothesis is composed of three elements: Action, Predicted Outcome, and Rationale.

Action: If we reduce the number of fields on the sign-up page…

Predicted outcome: …then the percentage of users that complete signup will increase…

Rationale: …because they have to spend less time and effort to see value in the product

2. Design an Experiment

Once the hypothesis is formulated, the next step is to design an experiment to test it. This could be an A/B test, a user survey, a prototype, or any other method that can provide data to validate or invalidate the hypothesis.

3. Run the Experiment

The experiment is then executed. This could involve exposing different versions of a product feature to different segments of users, distributing a survey, or conducting user interviews.

4. Analyze the Results

The data collected from the experiment is then analyzed to determine whether the hypothesis is validated or invalidated. This involves statistical analysis and may also involve qualitative analysis of user feedback.

5. Learn and Iterate

Regardless of whether the hypothesis is validated or invalidated, there is always something to learn. These learnings can then be used to formulate new hypotheses and the cycle begins again.

Lean Hypothesis Testing is a powerful tool for reducing risk and uncertainty in product development. By validating assumptions before committing significant resources, businesses can avoid costly mistakes and ensure that they are building products that truly meet the needs of their customers.